基于LP与小波包的复杂机电系统监测序列混沌降噪方法

针对流程工业生产系统监测数据存在强噪声和混沌性的特点,提出了一种局部投影方法(Local Projection Method)与小波包方法相结合的信号降噪方法。该方法先利用局部投影方法从动力学系统嵌入流形的角度进行多次迭代降噪,并根据关联维数来判定迭代终止;再利用小波包方法从频率的角度进行降噪,抑制高频噪声的干扰,取得了较好的降噪效果。用Lorenz时间序列进行仿真验证,对仿真时间序列加入不同程度的噪声,对比分析小波包、局部投影与该方法降噪后的相空间、SNR值和最大Lyapunov指数,证明了该方法对于中高强度噪声具有更好的降噪效果。并将该方法用于某压缩机组的实际监测数据降噪,评估三种方法的降噪效果,进一步验证了该方法的优越性。     

基于全相位预处理的时域多重信号分类波达方向估计方法

低信噪比下,针对宽带短脉冲情况下频域多重信号分类(MUSIC)中噪声子空间估计不稳定问题,提出一种基于全相位预处理的时域多重信号分类波达方向(DOA)估计方法。①对线列阵接收数据进行分组处理;②按搜索角度对各组数据进行相移预处理,并对各组数据预处理结果进行相加,得到一组新数据;③对线列阵接收数据在时域构建相移后的协方差矩阵,在更短数据长度下,稳定实现噪声子空间估计,并依据估计出的噪声子空间含有的正交特性,通过单位矩阵加法器得到相应空间谱估计值,实现波达方向估计。数值仿真和实测数据处理结果表明,相比频域MUSIC方法,该方法有效提高了线列阵接收数据协方差矩阵中信号含有量和信噪比,能够在更短数据长度情况下实现对噪声子空间的稳定估计,具有较好的稳定性和检测性能,提高了MUSIC方法在实际波达方向估计中的鲁棒性。     

基于SAOR的Massive MIMO系统信号检测算法

大规模多输入多输出(Massive multiple input multiple output, Massive MIMO)系统采用最小均方误差(Minimum mean square error, MMSE)接收检测方法时存在矩阵求逆复杂度高的问题，已有较多降低复杂度的研究。在降低检测算法复杂度的同时，如何提高算法收敛速度和检测性能一直是人们关注的焦点。本文将对称加速超松弛(Symmetric accelerated over-relaxation， SAOR)迭代算法应用于Massive MIMO系统信号检测中，避免了复杂的矩阵求逆计算，实现了复杂度较最小均方误差算法降低了一个数量级。仿真结果表明，基于SAOR的检测方法通过较少的迭代次数就能逼近最小均方误差（Minimum mean square error, MMSE）算法的检测性能，为Massive MIMO系统中接收信号的快速检测提供了较好的实现方法。     

基于单片机C8051F500的无刷直流电机控制研究

永磁无刷直流电机是近些年发展起来的一种新型电机,具有效率高、调速性能好、启动转矩大等诸多优点,在运动控制领域中的应用日趋广泛。基于电机专用控制芯片MC33035,采用单片机C8051F500为主控芯片,设计一款无刷直流电机智能控制器,实现对无刷直流电机启动停止、正反转、调速、转速显示等控制。通过简要介绍无刷直流电机工作原理,使用MATLAB/Simulink对控制系统进行建模仿真,对无刷直流电机控制系统进行软、硬件设计。实验结果表明,该控制系统运行稳定,抗干扰性强,具有良好的市场应用价值。     

结合预训练模型和语言知识库的文本匹配方法

针对文本匹配任务,该文提出一种大规模预训练模型融合外部语言知识库的方法。该方法在大规模预训练模型的基础上,通过生成基于WordNet的同义—反义词汇知识学习任务和词组—搭配知识学习任务引入外部语言学知识。进而,与MT-DNN多任务学习模型进行联合训练,以进一步提高模型性能。最后利用文本匹配标注数据进行微调。在MRPC和QQP两个公开数据集的实验结果显示,该方法可以在大规模预训练模型和微调的框架基础上,通过引入外部语言知识进行联合训练有效提升文本匹配性能。     

Systematic convergence of nonlinear stochastic estimators on the Special Orthogonal Group SO(3)

This paper introduces two novel nonlinear stochastic attitude estimators developed on the Special Orthogonal Group with the tracking error of the normalized Euclidean distance meeting predefined transient and steady‐state characteristics. The tracking error is confined to initially start within a predetermined large set such that the transient performance is guaranteed to obey dynamically reducing boundaries and decrease smoothly and asymptotically to the origin in probability from almost any initial condition. The proposed estimators produce accurate attitude estimates with remarkable convergence properties using measurements obtained from low‐cost inertial measurement units. The estimators proposed in continuous form are complemented by their discrete versions for the implementation purposes. The simulation results illustrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed estimators against uncertain measurements and large initialization error, whether in continuous or discrete form.     

Polynomial filtering for nonlinear stochastic systems with state‐ and disturbance‐dependent noises

This article is concerned with the polynomial filtering problem for a class of nonlinear stochastic systems governed by the Itô differential equation. The system under investigation involves polynomial nonlinearities, unknown‐but‐bounded disturbances, and state‐ and disturbance‐dependent noises ((x,d)‐dependent noises for short). By expanding the polynomial nonlinear functions in Taylor series around the state estimate, a new polynomial filter design method is developed with hope to reduce the conservatism of the existing results. In virtue of stochastic analysis and inequality technique, sufficient conditions in terms of parameter‐dependent linear matrix inequalities (PDLMIs) are derived to guarantee that the estimation error system is input‐to‐state stable in probability. Moreover, the desired polynomial matrix can be obtained by solving the PDLMIs via the sum‐of‐squares approach. The effectiveness and applicability of the proposed method are illustrated by two numerical examples with one concerning the permanent magnet synchronous motor.     

Analysis of color volume of multi‐chromatic displays using gamut rings

There are claims that multi‐chromatic displays can achieve a wider color gamut by the use of additional highly saturated secondary color channels. However, there are other claims that these displays lose lightness and/or color saturation at brighter levels. These apparently divergent views have led to some controversy in the display industry and at standard setting organizations. This study examines the color gamut volume for a variety of simulated and measured multi‐chromatic (sometimes incorrectly referred to as “multi‐primary”) displays using combinations of white and/or secondary color channels, such as cyan, magenta, and yellow. Furthermore, a two‐dimensional gamut representation, referred to as “gamut rings,” is introduced to illustrate that the addition of nonprimary optical color channels to a trichromatic (RGB) display can result in a significant decrease in the chroma at higher lightness levels. The additional saturated color channels can increase the gamut volume only around their hues at darker levels. The results also confirm the validity of comparing the color light output and white light output for revealing the design trade‐offs between the high‐peak white and the color‐image brightness for multi‐chromatic displays.     

Nature inspired 21 branches sneezewort/Achillea ptarmica plant growth pattern–shaped antenna for Ku‐band applications

This reported paper presents the design and analysis of wideband nature inspired planar antenna of 46 × 18 × 1.6 mm³ size, designed using FR4 (Flame Retardant) substrate. The antenna patch is delineated from the growth pattern of sneezewort plant with supplementary notion of golden ratio in branching and branch width. The total number of branches in each stage follows the Fibonacci series and the branch width is calculated from the golden ratio concept. Starting from one feed line and two branches, the maximum numbers of branches are increased to 20. There has been significant enhancement in the radiation performance of proposed geometry by increasing the number of branches to 21 and by modifying ground with T‐shaped slot. The antenna covers wide impedance bandwidth of 8.2 to 16.5 GHz by possessing stable radiation characteristics.     

Zone model predictive control for pressure management of water distribution network

In the water distribution network (WDN), although the water demand of the node is changing constantly, the water quantity and water pressure of the node need to be met at each moment. To realize energy saving and consumption reduction, it is proposed to control the nodal water head of WDN in an appropriate narrow range. The frequent large fluctuation of the water demand, which may lead the water pressure exceed the expected range, increases the difficulty of the zone control. To realize optimized WND control, a novel zone predictive control is proposed, where two switching cases are considered. The switching condition is whether there are feasible solutions to keep the pressure within the expected region over the prediction horizon. When the condition is satisfied, the controller minimizes the variation of inputs with constraints of pressure range for ensuring the tank level staying within the expected zone and obtaining optimal economic cost. When the current pressure is out of the expected region or the condition is not satisfied due to the large variation of water demand, a reference trajectory of outputs is introduced, which is combined with the inputs as an optimization variable, and the constraints of expected zone are moved from the output to the introduced reference trajectory. Through minimizing the distance between reference trajectory and output, the controller will keep the tank level from deviating too far from the expected zone and will drive the tank level rapidly into the expected zone once the tank level exceeds the expected range. An application of the proposed zone MPC to WDN in Shinan District of Shanghai is given to illustrate its effectiveness.